I checked a previous answer about unit test for Android, where it is suggested Googletest as a good option. However, I got a look into the Google C++ Testing Framework - Googlet
jni/Android.mk:
LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir)
include $(CLEAR_VARS)
LOCAL_MODULE := foo
LOCAL_SRC_FILES := foo.cpp
include $(BUILD_SHARED_LIBRARY)
include $(CLEAR_VARS)
LOCAL_MODULE := foo_unittest
LOCAL_SRC_FILES := foo_unittest.cpp
LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES := foo
LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := googletest_main
include $(BUILD_EXECUTABLE)
$(call import-module,third_party/googletest)