What is the best way to store historical data in SQL Server 2005/2008?

Question

My simplified and contrived example is the following:-

Lets say that I want to measure and store the temperature (and other values) of all the worlds\' towns on a daily

Answer 1

If you store all in one table how are you going to make a relational database.

Example:

id--------------GUID----PK

record_id-------GUID

every time a new record will be inserted the [id] will change but [record_id] will remain same. Now if you have to link it with address table how are you going to do that?