I am dealing with mobile and desktop applications. I am trying to use Google Drive as a permanent storage folder. Unfortunately I am at a loss because I cannot find any example
You should look into Documents List API.
The Google Drive API & SDK are meant to be a mean to integrate applications into the Web-UI of Google Drive. To protect the security of the user's files, it puts some restrictions to the application developer, like:
All these restrictions make the Google Drive API not a good choice for most non-web applications. E.g. installing the app from the Chrome Web Store is probably something you would find cumbersome to request from your users for a mobile or desktop application. Nonetheless, without being installed from the Chrome Web Store your application will always receive an error when accessing a file from Google Drive.
The Documents List API allows you to store and load files (not only Google Documents!) into Google Drive.