I would like to know if it is acceptable/preferred to use self::method() and parent::method() when working in php classes.
You can use $this->method() but $this-> can al
There is a difference.
$this
refers to an instance of an object.
parent
and self
are used to call methods statically.
This page of PHP's manual explains it in better detail than I have time to write at the moment. The first example in particular should help to highlight some of the differences. I encourage you to copy paste the first example and mess about with it, as I think its an important concept to get in your mind if you don't already know the difference.