In C, are const variables guaranteed to be distinct in memory?

Question

Speaking of string literals, the C99 standard says (6.4.5.6):

It is unspecified whether these arrays are distinct provided their elements have the appropr

Answer 1

In

const int x=12;
const int y=12;

x and y are different variables (both const-qualified) and therefore have different addresses.

The same for the other example.

Note that const is a qualifier for an object. Regarding memory layout, it makes no difference if it's there or not.