PowerShell's pipe adds linefeed
I\'m trying to pipe a string into a program\'s STDIN without any trailing linefeeds (unless that string itself actually ends in a linefeed). I tried googling around, bu
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Introduction
Here is my
Invoke-RawPipelinefunction (get latest version from this Gist).Use it to pipe binary data between processes' Standard Output and Standard Input streams. It can read input stream from file/pipeline and save resulting output stream to file.
It requires PsAsync module to be able to launch and pipe data in multiple processes.
In case of issues use
-Verboseswitch to see debug output.Examples
Redirecting to file
- Batch:
findstr.exe /C:"Warning" /I C:\Windows\WindowsUpdate.log > C:\WU_Warnings.txt - PowerShell:
Invoke-RawPipeline -Command @{Path = 'findstr.exe' ; Arguments = '/C:"Warning" /I C:\Windows\WindowsUpdate.log'} -OutFile 'C:\WU_Warnings.txt'
Redirecting from file
- Batch:
svnadmin load < C:\RepoDumps\MyRepo.dump - PowerShell:
Invoke-RawPipeline -InFile 'C:\RepoDumps\MyRepo.dump' -Command @{Path = 'svnadmin.exe' ; Arguments = 'load'}
Piping strings
- Batch:
echo TestString | find /I "test" > C:\SearchResult.log - PowerShell:
'TestString' | Invoke-RawPipeline -Command @{Path = 'find.exe' ; Arguments = '/I "test"'} -OutFile 'C:\SearchResult.log'
Piping between multiple processes
- Batch:
ipconfig | findstr /C:"IPv4 Address" /I - PowerShell:
Invoke-RawPipeline -Command @{Path = 'ipconfig'}, @{Path = 'findstr' ; Arguments = '/C:"IPv4 Address" /I'} -RawData
Code:
<# .Synopsis Pipe binary data between processes' Standard Output and Standard Input streams. Can read input stream from file and save resulting output stream to file. .Description Pipe binary data between processes' Standard Output and Standard Input streams. Can read input stream from file/pipeline and save resulting output stream to file. Requires PsAsync module: http://psasync.codeplex.com .Notes Author: beatcracker (https://beatcracker.wordpress.com, https://github.com/beatcracker) License: Microsoft Public License (http://opensource.org/licenses/MS-PL) .Component Requires PsAsync module: http://psasync.codeplex.com .Parameter Command An array of hashtables, each containing Command Name, Working Directory and Arguments .Parameter InFile This parameter is optional. A string representing path to file, to read input stream from. .Parameter OutFile This parameter is optional. A string representing path to file, to save resulting output stream to. .Parameter Append This parameter is optional. Default is false. A switch controlling wheither ovewrite or append output file if it already exists. Default is to overwrite. .Parameter IoTimeout This parameter is optional. Default is 0. A number of seconds to wait if Input/Output streams are blocked. Default is to wait indefinetely. .Parameter ProcessTimeout This parameter is optional. Default is 0. A number of seconds to wait for process to exit after finishing all pipeline operations. Default is to wait indefinetely. Details: https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ty0d8k56.aspx .Parameter BufferSize This parameter is optional. Default is 4096. Size of buffer in bytes for read\write operations. Supports standard Powershell multipliers: KB, MB, GB, TB, and PB. Total number of buffers is: Command.Count * 2 + InFile + OutFile. .Parameter ForceGC This parameter is optional. A switch, that if specified will force .Net garbage collection. Use to immediately release memory on function exit, if large buffer size was used. .Parameter RawData This parameter is optional. By default function returns object with StdOut/StdErr streams and process' exit codes. If this switch is specified, function will return raw Standard Output stream. .Example Invoke-RawPipeline -Command @{Path = 'findstr.exe' ; Arguments = '/C:"Warning" /I C:\Windows\WindowsUpdate.log'} -OutFile 'C:\WU_Warnings.txt' Batch analog: findstr.exe /C:"Warning" /I C:\Windows\WindowsUpdate.log' > C:\WU_Warnings.txt .Example Invoke-RawPipeline -Command @{Path = 'findstr.exe' ; WorkingDirectory = 'C:\Windows' ; Arguments = '/C:"Warning" /I .\WindowsUpdate.log'} -RawData Batch analog: cd /D C:\Windows && findstr.exe /C:"Warning" /I .\WindowsUpdate.log .Example 'TestString' | Invoke-RawPipeline -Command @{Path = 'find.exe' ; Arguments = '/I "test"'} -OutFile 'C:\SearchResult.log' Batch analog: echo TestString | find /I "test" > C:\SearchResult.log .Example Invoke-RawPipeline -Command @{Path = 'ipconfig'}, @{Path = 'findstr' ; Arguments = '/C:"IPv4 Address" /I'} -RawData Batch analog: ipconfig | findstr /C:"IPv4 Address" /I .Example Invoke-RawPipeline -InFile 'C:\RepoDumps\Repo.svn' -Command @{Path = 'svnadmin.exe' ; Arguments = 'load'} Batch analog: svnadmin load < C:\RepoDumps\MyRepo.dump #> function Invoke-RawPipeline { [CmdletBinding()] Param ( [Parameter(ValueFromPipeline = $true)] [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()] [ValidateScript({ if($_.psobject.Methods.Match.('ToString')) { $true } else { throw 'Can''t convert pipeline object to string!' } })] $InVariable, [Parameter(ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $true)] [ValidateScript({ $_ | ForEach-Object { $Path = $_.Path $WorkingDirectory = $_.WorkingDirectory if(!(Get-Command -Name $Path -CommandType Application -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue)) { throw "Command not found: $Path" } if($WorkingDirectory) { if(!(Test-Path -LiteralPath $WorkingDirectory -PathType Container -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue)) { throw "Working directory not found: $WorkingDirectory" } } } $true })] [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()] [array]$Command, [Parameter(ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $true)] [ValidateScript({ if(!(Test-Path -LiteralPath $_)) { throw "File not found: $_" } $true })] [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()] [string]$InFile, [Parameter(ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $true)] [ValidateScript({ if(!(Test-Path -LiteralPath (Split-Path $_))) { throw "Folder not found: $_" } $true })] [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()] [string]$OutFile, [Parameter(ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $true)] [switch]$Append, [Parameter(ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $true)] [ValidateRange(0, 2147483)] [int]$IoTimeout = 0, [Parameter(ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $true)] [ValidateRange(0, 2147483)] [int]$ProcessTimeout = 0, [Parameter(ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $true)] [long]$BufferSize = 4096, [Parameter(ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $true)] [switch]$RawData, [Parameter(ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $true)] [switch]$ForceGC ) Begin { $Modules = @{PsAsync = 'http://psasync.codeplex.com'} 'Loading modules:', ($Modules | Format-Table -HideTableHeaders -AutoSize | Out-String) | Write-Verbose foreach($module in $Modules.GetEnumerator()) { if(!(Get-Module -Name $module.Key)) { Try { Import-Module -Name $module.Key -ErrorAction Stop } Catch { throw "$($module.Key) module not available. Get it here: $($module.Value)" } } } function New-ConsoleProcess { Param ( [string]$Path, [string]$Arguments, [string]$WorkingDirectory, [switch]$CreateNoWindow = $true, [switch]$RedirectStdIn = $true, [switch]$RedirectStdOut = $true, [switch]$RedirectStdErr = $true ) if(!$WorkingDirectory) { if(!$script:MyInvocation.MyCommand.Path) { $WorkingDirectory = [System.AppDomain]::CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory } else { $WorkingDirectory = Split-Path $script:MyInvocation.MyCommand.Path } } Try { $ps = New-Object -TypeName System.Diagnostics.Process -ErrorAction Stop $ps.StartInfo.Filename = $Path $ps.StartInfo.Arguments = $Arguments $ps.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = $false $ps.StartInfo.RedirectStandardInput = $RedirectStdIn $ps.StartInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = $RedirectStdOut $ps.StartInfo.RedirectStandardError = $RedirectStdErr $ps.StartInfo.CreateNoWindow = $CreateNoWindow $ps.StartInfo.WorkingDirectory = $WorkingDirectory } Catch { throw $_ } return $ps } function Invoke-GarbageCollection { [gc]::Collect() [gc]::WaitForPendingFinalizers() } $CleanUp = { $IoWorkers + $StdErrWorkers | ForEach-Object { $_.Src, $_.Dst | ForEach-Object { if(!($_ -is [System.Diagnostics.Process])) { Try { $_.Close() } Catch { Write-Error "Failed to close $_" } $_.Dispose() } } } } $PumpData = { Param ( [hashtable]$Cfg ) # Fail hard, we don't want stuck threads $Private:ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop' $Src = $Cfg.Src $SrcEndpoint = $Cfg.SrcEndpoint $Dst = $Cfg.Dst $DstEndpoint = $Cfg.DstEndpoint $BufferSize = $Cfg.BufferSize $SyncHash = $Cfg.SyncHash $RunspaceId = $Cfg.Id # Setup Input and Output streams if($Src -is [System.Diagnostics.Process]) { switch ($SrcEndpoint) { 'StdOut' {$InStream = $Src.StandardOutput.BaseStream} 'StdIn' {$InStream = $Src.StandardInput.BaseStream} 'StdErr' {$InStream = $Src.StandardError.BaseStream} default {throw "Not valid source endpoint: $_"} } } else { $InStream = $Src } if($Dst -is [System.Diagnostics.Process]) { switch ($DstEndpoint) { 'StdOut' {$OutStream = $Dst.StandardOutput.BaseStream} 'StdIn' {$OutStream = $Dst.StandardInput.BaseStream} 'StdErr' {$OutStream = $Dst.StandardError.BaseStream} default {throw "Not valid destination endpoint: $_"} } } else { $OutStream = $Dst } $InStream | Out-String | ForEach-Object {$SyncHash.$RunspaceId.Status += "InStream: $_"} $OutStream | Out-String | ForEach-Object {$SyncHash.$RunspaceId.Status += "OutStream: $_"} # Main data copy loop $Buffer = New-Object -TypeName byte[] $BufferSize $BytesThru = 0 Try { Do { $SyncHash.$RunspaceId.IoStartTime = [DateTime]::UtcNow.Ticks $ReadCount = $InStream.Read($Buffer, 0, $Buffer.Length) $OutStream.Write($Buffer, 0, $ReadCount) $OutStream.Flush() $BytesThru += $ReadCount } While($readCount -gt 0) } Catch { $SyncHash.$RunspaceId.Status += $_ } Finally { $OutStream.Close() $InStream.Close() } } } Process { $PsCommand = @() if($Command.Length) { Write-Verbose 'Creating new process objects' $i = 0 foreach($cmd in $Command.GetEnumerator()) { $PsCommand += New-ConsoleProcess @cmd $i++ } } Write-Verbose 'Building I\O pipeline' $PipeLine = @() if($InVariable) { [Byte[]]$InVarBytes = [Text.Encoding]::UTF8.GetBytes($InVariable.ToString()) $PipeLine += New-Object -TypeName System.IO.MemoryStream -ArgumentList $BufferSize -ErrorAction Stop $PipeLine[-1].Write($InVarBytes, 0, $InVarBytes.Length) [Void]$PipeLine[-1].Seek(0, 'Begin') } elseif($InFile) { $PipeLine += New-Object -TypeName System.IO.FileStream -ArgumentList ($InFile, [IO.FileMode]::Open) -ErrorAction Stop if($PsCommand.Length) { $PsCommand[0].StartInfo.RedirectStandardInput = $true } } else { if($PsCommand.Length) { $PsCommand[0].StartInfo.RedirectStandardInput = $false } } $PipeLine += $PsCommand if($OutFile) { if($PsCommand.Length) { $PsCommand[-1].StartInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = $true } if($Append) { $FileMode = [System.IO.FileMode]::Append } else { $FileMode = [System.IO.FileMode]::Create } $PipeLine += New-Object -TypeName System.IO.FileStream -ArgumentList ($OutFile, $FileMode, [System.IO.FileAccess]::Write) -ErrorAction Stop } else { if($PsCommand.Length) { $PipeLine += New-Object -TypeName System.IO.MemoryStream -ArgumentList $BufferSize -ErrorAction Stop } } Write-Verbose 'Creating I\O threads' $IoWorkers = @() for($i=0 ; $i -lt ($PipeLine.Length-1) ; $i++) { $SrcEndpoint = $DstEndpoint = $null if($PipeLine[$i] -is [System.Diagnostics.Process]) { $SrcEndpoint = 'StdOut' } if($PipeLine[$i+1] -is [System.Diagnostics.Process]) { $DstEndpoint = 'StdIn' } $IoWorkers += @{ Src = $PipeLine[$i] SrcEndpoint = $SrcEndpoint Dst = $PipeLine[$i+1] DstEndpoint = $DstEndpoint } } Write-Verbose "Created $($IoWorkers.Length) I\O worker objects" Write-Verbose 'Creating StdErr readers' $StdErrWorkers = @() for($i=0 ; $i -lt $PsCommand.Length ; $i++) { $StdErrWorkers += @{ Src = $PsCommand[$i] SrcEndpoint = 'StdErr' Dst = New-Object -TypeName System.IO.MemoryStream -ArgumentList $BufferSize -ErrorAction Stop } } Write-Verbose "Created $($StdErrWorkers.Length) StdErr reader objects" Write-Verbose 'Starting processes' $PsCommand | ForEach-Object { $ps = $_ Try { [void]$ps.Start() } Catch { Write-Error "Failed to start process: $($ps.StartInfo.FileName)" Write-Verbose "Can't launch process, killing and disposing all" if($PsCommand) { $PsCommand | ForEach-Object { Try{$_.Kill()}Catch{} # Can't do much if kill fails... $_.Dispose() } } Write-Verbose 'Closing and disposing I\O streams' . $CleanUp } Write-Verbose "Started new process: Name=$($ps.Name), Id=$($ps.Id)" } $WorkersCount = $IoWorkers.Length + $StdErrWorkers.Length Write-Verbose 'Creating sync hashtable' $sync = @{} for($i=0 ; $i -lt $WorkersCount ; $i++) { $sync += @{$i = @{IoStartTime = $nul ; Status = $null}} } $SyncHash = [hashtable]::Synchronized($sync) Write-Verbose 'Creating runspace pool' $RunspacePool = Get-RunspacePool $WorkersCount Write-Verbose 'Loading workers on the runspace pool' $AsyncPipelines = @() $i = 0 $IoWorkers + $StdErrWorkers | ForEach-Object { $Param = @{ BufferSize = $BufferSize Id = $i SyncHash = $SyncHash } + $_ $AsyncPipelines += Invoke-Async -RunspacePool $RunspacePool -ScriptBlock $PumpData -Parameters $Param $i++ Write-Verbose 'Started working thread' $Param | Format-Table -HideTableHeaders -AutoSize | Out-String | Write-Debug } Write-Verbose 'Waiting for I\O to complete...' if($IoTimeout){Write-Verbose "Timeout is $IoTimeout seconds"} Do { # Check for pipelines with errors [array]$FailedPipelines = Receive-AsyncStatus -Pipelines $AsyncPipelines | Where-Object {$_.Completed -and $_.Error} if($FailedPipelines) { "$($FailedPipelines.Length) pipeline(s) failed!", ($FailedPipelines | Select-Object -ExpandProperty Error | Format-Table -AutoSize | Out-String) | Write-Debug } if($IoTimeout) { # Compare I\O start time of thread with current time [array]$LockedReaders = $SyncHash.Keys | Where-Object {[TimeSpan]::FromTicks([DateTime]::UtcNow.Ticks - $SyncHash.$_.IoStartTime).TotalSeconds -gt $IoTimeout} if($LockedReaders) { # Yikes, someone is stuck "$($LockedReaders.Length) I\O operations reached timeout!" | Write-Verbose $SyncHash.GetEnumerator() | ForEach-Object {"$($_.Key) = $($_.Value.Status)"} | Sort-Object | Out-String | Write-Debug $PsCommand | ForEach-Object { Write-Verbose "Killing process: Name=$($_.Name), Id=$($_.Id)" Try { $_.Kill() } Catch { Write-Error 'Failed to kill process!' } } break } } Start-Sleep 1 } While(Receive-AsyncStatus -Pipelines $AsyncPipelines | Where-Object {!$_.Completed}) # Loop until all pipelines are finished Write-Verbose 'Waiting for all pipelines to finish...' $IoStats = Receive-AsyncResults -Pipelines $AsyncPipelines Write-Verbose 'All pipelines are finished' Write-Verbose 'Collecting StdErr for all processes' $PipeStdErr = $StdErrWorkers | ForEach-Object { $Encoding = $_.Src.StartInfo.StandardOutputEncoding if(!$Encoding) { $Encoding = [System.Text.Encoding]::Default } @{ FileName = $_.Src.StartInfo.FileName StdErr = $Encoding.GetString($_.Dst.ToArray()) ExitCode = $_.Src.ExitCode } } | Select-Object @{Name = 'FileName' ; Expression = {$_.FileName}}, @{Name = 'StdErr' ; Expression = {$_.StdErr}}, @{Name = 'ExitCode' ; Expression = {$_.ExitCode}} if($IoWorkers[-1].Dst -is [System.IO.MemoryStream]) { Write-Verbose 'Collecting final pipeline output' if($IoWorkers[-1].Src -is [System.Diagnostics.Process]) { $Encoding = $IoWorkers[-1].Src.StartInfo.StandardOutputEncoding } if(!$Encoding) { $Encoding = [System.Text.Encoding]::Default } $PipeResult = $Encoding.GetString($IoWorkers[-1].Dst.ToArray()) } Write-Verbose 'Closing and disposing I\O streams' . $CleanUp $PsCommand | ForEach-Object { $_.Refresh() if(!$_.HasExited) { Write-Verbose "Process is still active: Name=$($_.Name), Id=$($_.Id)" if(!$ProcessTimeout) { $ProcessTimeout = -1 } else { $WaitForExitProcessTimeout = $ProcessTimeout * 1000 } Write-Verbose "Waiting for process to exit (Process Timeout = $ProcessTimeout)" if(!$_.WaitForExit($WaitForExitProcessTimeout)) { Try { Write-Verbose 'Trying to kill it' $_.Kill() } Catch { Write-Error "Failed to kill process $_" } } } Write-Verbose "Disposing process object: Name=$($_.StartInfo.FileName)" $_.Dispose() } Write-Verbose 'Disposing runspace pool' # http://stackoverflow.com/questions/21454252/how-to-cleanup-resources-in-a-dll-when-powershell-ise-exits-like-new-pssession $RunspacePool.Dispose() if($ForceGC) { Write-Verbose 'Forcing garbage collection' Invoke-GarbageCollection } if(!$RawData) { New-Object -TypeName psobject -Property @{Result = $PipeResult ; Status = $PipeStdErr} } else { $PipeResult } } } - Batch:
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