I am using C# to import a CSV with 6-8million rows.
My table looks like this:
CREATE TABLE [Data] ([ID] VARCHAR(100) NULL,[Raw] VARCHAR(200) NULL)
CREA
One thing you might try is to create the index after the data has been inserted - typically it's much faster for databases to build indexes in a single operation than to update it after each insert (or transaction).
I can't say that it'll definitely work with SQLite, but since it only needs two lines to move it's worth trying.
I'm also wondering if a 6 million row transaction might be going too far - could you change the code to try different transaction sizes? Say 100, 1000, 10000, 100000? Is there a "sweet spot"?