SSLError in Requests when packaging as OS X .app

Question

I\'m developing an application for OS X. The application involves communicating with a server through python-requests, using a secure connection.

I am able to run the p

Answer 1

I ran into the same problem and had to distribute my application to users who may not have Python or the certifi package installed on their Mac. Drawing on inspirations from the answers here, I came up with the following solution.

Step 1: Download a OpenSSL package from https://www.openssl.org/source/. Find /openssl-1.0.2n/certs/demo/ca-cert.pem and place it under the same directory as your Python program (for example main.py).

Step 2: Create a setup.py as usual, but include ca-cert.pem in the DATA_FILES list. So your setup.py should look something like this:

from setuptools import setup

APP = ['main.py']
DATA_FILES = ['ca-cert.pem']
OPTIONS = {'argv_emulation': False}

setup(
    app=APP,
    data_files=DATA_FILES,
    options={'py2app': OPTIONS},
    setup_requires=['py2app'],
)

Step 3: Use the verify parameter so requests will use the certificate file you provide.

import requests
requests.get("https://httpbin.org/", verify="ca-cert.pem")

Alternatively, you can also create a session so that you don't have to specify verify every time.

import requests
s = requests.Session()
s.verify = "ca-cert.pem"
s.get("https://httpbin.org")

Step 4: Package the application using py2app as usual. The resulting app should be able to run normally.

python setup.py py2app