Before closing a meeting, the person who's leading it should state the action items and of course, who is going to perform them, and get agreement from the assigned person or people. Someone should be assigned to create meeting notes, and post them. You could try taking turns on the notes so that everyone has to do it sometimes. You could try a scrum master (if you're doing scrum).
Try a wiki for the notes. The meeting notes should include the action items. All action items should have a date associated with them.
If you can't get anyone to recognize that a record of what you're doing is important, you have a serious problem with your developers. Of course you can take a picture of the whiteboard and its notes, but that won't help the reading and maintenance problems.
Many programmers (myself included) like writing documentation quite a lot.
