Is there a windows API that would achieve the equivalent of clicking the \"Update now\" button in the \"Date and time properties\"/\"Internet time\" tab (opened by double clicki
There is no API exposed by the time service, but to trigger a time synchronization you can use the w32tm command line tool.
w32tm
In C/C++ you can do something like this:
include ... system("w32tm /resync /nowait");
Take a look at w32tm documentation for further options.