Use a combination of pd.DataFrame.loc and pd.Index.repeat
test.loc[test.index.repeat(test.times)]
id times
0 a 2
0 a 2
1 b 3
1 b 3
1 b 3
2 c 1
3 d 5
3 d 5
3 d 5
3 d 5
3 d 5
To mimic your exact output, use reset_index
test.loc[test.index.repeat(test.times)].reset_index(drop=True)
id times
0 a 2
1 a 2
2 b 3
3 b 3
4 b 3
5 c 1
6 d 5
7 d 5
8 d 5
9 d 5
10 d 5
