When actually is a closure created?

Question

Is it true that a closure is created in the following cases for foo, but not for bar?

Case 1:

Answer 1

In none of these examples is a closure created.

The second would create a closure if you actually created a function and did something with it, now you just create a function and then throw it away. Same as adding a line 3+8;, you create a number, and then throw it away.

A closure is simply a function which references variables from its creation environment in its body, a canonical example is an adder:

function createAdder(x) { //this is not a closure
    return function(y) { //this function is the closure however, it closes over the x.
        return y + x;
    }
} //thus createAdder returns a closure, it's closed over the argument we put into createAdder

var addTwo = createAdder(2);

addTwo(3); //3