Some time ago I emulated the Raspberry Pi following this article, but this approach has several problems:
If you're comfortable building qemu, you can find support for pi2 system emulation here: https://github.com/0xabu/qemu. It's not particularly speedy, and the device emulations are incomplete, but you can resize the RAM and framebuffer.
There are brief instructions for booting Raspbian at the end of https://github.com/0xabu/qemu/wiki