How is Assembly used in the modern day (with C/C++ for example)?

Question

I understand how a computer works on the basic principles, such as, a program can be written in a \"high\" level language like C#, C and then it\'s broken down in to object code

Answer 1

We do a fair bit of it in our Real-Time work (more than we should really). A wee bit of assembly can also be quite useful when you are talking to hardware, and need specific machine instructions executed (eg: All writes must be 16-bit writes, or you'll hose nearby registers).

What I tend to see today is assembly insertions in higher-level language code. How exactly this is done depends on your language and sometimes compiler.