I have 7 8-bit integer values per record that I want to store in Postgres. Pg doesn\'t offer a single byte integer type, SMALLINT, or 2 bytes, being the smallest integer datatyp
You will want to look into the bytea data type referenced here: http://www.postgresql.org/docs/8.4/interactive/datatype-binary.html
bytea
There is also bit string data types: http://www.postgresql.org/docs/8.4/interactive/datatype-bit.html