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Linux local source list
A. Ubuntu
# 首先挂载本地镜像 mount -o loop -t iso9660 ./ubuntu.iso /media/cdrom # 手动添加ISO镜像至源列表，这样就可以在软件库中找到ISO中的所有包 apt-cdrom -m -d=/media/cdrom add # 刷新软件库 apt update # 完成后查看sources.list ，本地源应该在第一条，否则默认还是从网上下载
e.g.
root@ubuntu:/# mount -t iso9660 /dev/cdrom /media/cdrom/ mount: /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only root@ubuntu:/# sudo apt-cdrom -m -d /media/cdrom/ add Using CD-ROM mount point /media/cdrom/ Identifying... [83cd189f3f418ae846baff8ecfba5390-2] Scanning disc for index files... Found 4 package indexes, 0 source indexes, 0 translation indexes and 1 signatures Found label 'Ubuntu-Server 16.04.5 LTS _Xenial Xerus_ - Release amd64 (20180731)' This disc is called: 'Ubuntu-Server 16.04.5 LTS _Xenial Xerus_ - Release amd64 (20180731)' Copying package lists...gpgv: Signature made Tue 31 Jul 2018 08:39:26 AM CST using RSA key ID EFE21092 gpgv: Good signature from "Ubuntu CD Image Automatic Signing Key (2012) <cdimage@ubuntu.com>" Reading Package Indexes... Done Writing new source list Source list entries for this disc are: deb cdrom:[Ubuntu-Server 16.04.5 LTS _Xenial Xerus_ - Release amd64 (20180731)]/ xenial main restricted Repeat this process for the rest of the CDs in your set. root@ubuntu:/# vim /etc/apt/sources.list # 此时sources.list中多出一行本地源 # deb cdrom:[Ubuntu-Server 16.04.5 LTS _Xenial Xerus_ - Release amd64 (20180731)]/ xenial main restricted root@ubuntu:/# root@ubuntu:/# sudo apt update
平时apt-get install安装软件时，下载的deb文件都会存放在/var/cache/apt/archives/下，为了今后重装或给别人用 。
步骤：
# 新建离线源目录 mkdir ~/packs # 将缓存复制到目录 cp -rv /var/cache/apt/archives/* ~/packs # 拷贝过来发现在packs当中为文件都是root账户的，需要修改 # 修改所有者 # sudo chown -R someone.someone * $pack_dir # 修改权限 # sudo chmod ug+rw,o+r * $pack_dir # 建立Packages包，里面记录了packs目录下的软件包信息，包括依赖信息 dpkg-scanpackages ~/packs /dev/null |gzip > packs/Packages.gz -r # 将~/packs复制到目标计算机，或本机的某处 vim /etc/apt/sources.list # 添加 deb file:/// /home/someone/packs/ # 注意： packs后面有一个斜杠，全路径前面还要有空格 # 更新源 sudo apt-get update ---allow-insecure-repositories sudo apt-get install -f sudo apt-get xxxx --allow-unauthenticated # 本地的源是没有签名的，直接更新ubuntu1604下的apt会提示找不到release文件，是一种不安全的源，默认是被禁用的。如果还要安装的话需要加上 --allow-unauthenticated 选项。 # N: Updating from such a repository can't be done securely, and is therefore disabled by default.
B. CentOS
e.g.
[root@cent7 ~]# mkdir /media/cdrom [root@cent7 ~]# mount -t iso9660 /dev/cdrom /media/cdrom mount: /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only [root@cent7 ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/ [root@cent7 yum.repos.d]# pwd /etc/yum.repos.d [root@cent7 yum.repos.d]# ls CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Base.repo.bak CentOS-CR.repo CentOS-Debuginfo.repo CentOS-fasttrack.repo CentOS-Media.repo CentOS-Sources.repo CentOS-Vault.repo epel.repo epel-testing.repo mysql-community.repo mysql-community-source.repo [root@cent7 yum.repos.d]# mkdir bak [root@cent7 yum.repos.d]# mv *.repo bak/ [root@cent7 yum.repos.d]# vim local.repo 写入以下内容： [name] name="local repo" baseurl=file:///media/cdrom/ enabeld=1 gpgcheck=0 [root@cent7 yum.repos.d]# yum clean all # 清除缓存 Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Cleaning repos: name Cleaning up everything Maybe you want: rm -rf /var/cache/yum, to also free up space taken by orphaned data from disabled or removed repos Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors [root@cent7 yum.repos.d]# yum makecache # 建立新缓存 Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Determining fastest mirrors name | 3.6 kB 00:00:00 (1/4): name/group_gz | 3.5 kB 00:00:00 (2/4): name/primary_db | 776 kB 00:00:00 (3/4): name/other_db | 198 kB 00:00:00 (4/4): name/filelists_db | 298 kB 00:00:00 Metadata Cache Created [root@cent7 yum.repos.d]# yum list | wc -l # 查看可用个数 546 [root@cent7 yum.repos.d]#